Scenario card: highway-tr37885-4ghz¶

The TR 37.885 highway below 6 GHz (baseline layout, 4 GHz)
Available since version 1.11.0. Use it as scenario: highway-tr37885-4ghz in a configuration file or hl.builtin_scenario("highway-tr37885-4ghz") in Python.

Purpose¶

The highway case of the 3GPP NR V2X evaluation (TR 37.885) as specified below 6 GHz, for the base-station-to-vehicle link: a road of 3 + 3 lanes of 4 m, macro sites along the road 35 m away with an inter-site distance of 1732 m (the baseline of TR 36.885 clause A.1.3, which TR 37.885 uses), wrap-around, the RMa LOS path loss at 4 GHz, and every vehicle at 140 km/h. Cells are long and the link is always LOS, so handovers are rare, regular and happen at high speed. Use it for results that should follow the 3GPP highway assumptions as closely as this simulator can.

Layout¶

A road of 3464 m along the x axis (24 m wide), two sites 1732 m apart, both 35 m beyond the northern road edge; the road wraps around after two sites (TR 36.885 Figure A.1.3-2).

Parameters¶

Values in bold differ from the HandoverLab defaults.

Key	Value	Source
layout.kind	highway	TR 37.885 Annex A, Table A-1 (highway: 3 lanes in each direction, 4 m lane width)
layout.site_spacing_m	1732	TR 37.885 Table 6.1.3-1 (below 6 GHz, inter macro: 1732 m baseline)
layout.site_offset_m	35	TR 36.885 clause A.1.3, option 1 (baseline): eNBs located along the freeway 35 m away; read as 35 m from the road edge
layout.sites	none	regular placement along the streets
layout.lanes	3	TR 37.885 Table A-1 (highway: 3 lanes per direction)
layout.lane_width_m	4	TR 37.885 Table A-1 (highway: 4 m lanes)
layout.road_length_m	3464	TR 37.885 Table A-1 (highway length >= 2000 m with wrap-around); two sites per wrap-around period as drawn in TR 36.885 Figure A.1.3-2
layout.sites_file	none	none (sites from the layout)
layout.wrap	true	TR 37.885 Table A-1 (wrap around should be applied)
layout.highway_sites	one_side	TR 36.885 Figure A.1.3-2 (all sites on one side of the road)
radio.carrier_ghz	4	TR 37.885 Table 6.1.1-1 (highway, macro to/from vehicle: 2 GHz or 4 GHz)
radio.bandwidth_mhz	20	TR 37.885 Table 6.1.1-1 (simulation bandwidth 20 or 40 MHz, DL+UL)
radio.tx_power_dbm	49	TR 37.885 Table 6.1.1-1 (macro BS: 49 dBm; the system bandwidth is taken equal to the simulation bandwidth, so the PA power is not scaled down)
radio.bs_gain_db	26.1	assumption: one polarisation of the 8 x 8 array of TR 37.885 Table 6.1.4-3 (4 GHz) with 8 dBi elements (Table 6.1.4-2): 8 + 10 log10(64) dB
radio.ue_gain_db	6	assumption: vehicle type 2, option 1, rooftop baseline (1, 2, 2, 1, 1) of TR 37.885 Table 6.1.4-9 with 3 dBi elements (Table 6.1.4-8): 3 + 10 log10(2) dB
radio.noise_figure_db	9	TR 37.885 Table 6.1.1-1 (UE receiver noise figure 9 dB)
radio.isolation	0.3	assumption (mean-to-peak gain of an interfering data beam)
radio.bs_height_m	35	TR 37.885 Table 6.1.4-1 (highway: 35 m for ISD 1732 m)
radio.ue_height_m	1.6	TR 37.885 clause 6.1.2 (vehicle type 2: antenna height 1.6 m)
radio.pathloss	rma	TR 37.885 Table 6.2.1-2 (highway, below 6 GHz, V2B/B2V: TR 38.901 RMa LOS)
radio.shadow_los_db	4	TR 37.885 clause 6.2.2 (shadowing of the TR 38.901 model used) and TR 38.901 Table 7.4.1-1 (RMa LOS: 4 dB below the breakpoint)
radio.shadow_los_far_db	6	TR 38.901 Table 7.4.1-1 (RMa LOS beyond the breakpoint: 6 dB)
radio.shadow_decorr_m	37	TR 38.901 Table 7.5-6 Part-2 (RMa LOS: 37 m)
radio.shadow_site_corr	none	unset: uncorrelated between sites, TR 38.901 clause 7.5 step 4 (radio.channel_detail simple: 0.5)
radio.place_share	1	assumption (blockage tied to place)
radio.los_model	los	TR 37.885 clause 6.2.1 (LOS propagation type is used for V2B and B2R links in the highway scenario)
radio.breakpoint_c_mps	3e+08	TR 38.901 Table 7.4.1-1 notes 1 and 5 (c = 3.0e8 m/s in the breakpoint distances)
radio.pl_min_distance_m	10	TR 38.901 Table 7.4.1-1 (applicability range of RMa, UMa, UMi: 10 m <= d2D)
radio.time_var_db	0	set to 0: TR 37.885 has no blockage of the B2V link in the highway (LOS only)
radio.time_var_tau_s	1	assumption
radio.l1_error_db	1	assumption (error of one L1 RSRP sample)
radio.penetration_db	0	off by default; TR 38.901 clause 7.4.3.2: 9 dB in a standard car
radio.penetration_sd_db	0	off by default; TR 38.901 clause 7.4.3.2: 5 dB in a standard car
radio.energy_p0_w	56	EARTH model, micro base station (Auer et al. 2011, Table 2): 56 W
radio.energy_slope	2.6	EARTH model, micro base station (Auer et al. 2011, Table 2): 2.6
radio.energy_ntrx	2	EARTH model, micro base station (Auer et al. 2011, Eq. 1 and Table 2): 2 transceivers
radio.fast_fading	none	off by default; TR 38.901 clause 7.7.2 (TDL-A .. TDL-E)
radio.delay_spread_ns	100	TR 38.901 Table 7.7.3-1 (nominal delay spread; used with fast_fading)
radio.fading_k_db	none	TR 38.901 clause 7.7.6 (unset: the K-factor of the table)
radio.map_res_m	4	numerical setting (coarser map for the long road)
protocol.step_s	0.01	numerical setting
protocol.l1_period_s	0.04	assumption (L1 sample period)
protocol.l3_k	4	TS 38.331 clause 5.5.3.2
protocol.label_period_s	0.2	numerical setting
protocol.report_interval_s	0.12	TS 38.331 reportInterval (ms120)
protocol.qout_db	-8	TR 36.839 (Qout -8 dB)
protocol.qin_db	-6	TR 36.839 (Qin -6 dB)
protocol.qout_window_s	0.2	TS 38.133 (evaluation period, 200 ms)
protocol.qin_window_s	0.1	TS 38.133 (evaluation period, 100 ms)
protocol.n310	1	TR 36.839
protocol.n311	1	TR 36.839
protocol.t310_s	1	TR 36.839 (1 s)
protocol.prep_s	0.05	TR 36.839 (50 ms)
protocol.exec_s	0.04	TR 36.839 (40 ms)
protocol.reest_s	1	assumption (1 s outage); TS 38.133 6.2.1.2.1 bounds the delay by 50 ms + cell identification (FR1: 200 ms known, 800 ms unknown cell, Table 6.2.1.2.1-1) + system information + PRACH; TR 36.842 Table E.1-2 uses 250 ms
protocol.cho_recovery_s	0.4	TS 38.300 clauses 9.2.3.1 and 9.2.7 (recovery into a CHO candidate; assumption 0.4 s)
protocol.pingpong_s	1	TR 36.839 (minimum time of stay, 1 s)
protocol.cfg_loss_as_failure	false	check mode only
protocol.lm_load	none	off by default: link monitoring sees the load of the data channel (calibration option)
protocol.lm_load_per_ue	0	off by default (calibration option)
protocol.exec_can_fail	true	TR 36.839: the execution fails when the target is below Qout
protocol.rlm_holdoff_s	0.2	0.2 s since 2.0.0: an interpretation of TS 38.133 8.1.2.2 (evaluation over the last T_Evaluate_out, 200 ms in FR1) on a newly joined cell
protocol.scheduler	none	off by default (rate model); rr / pf slot scheduler with TS 38.214 MCS and TBS
protocol.harq_max_tx	4	assumption (transmissions per TB; the network's choice)
protocol.harq_rtt_slots	8	assumption (HARQ round trip in slots)
protocol.l2s_loss_db	1	assumption (implementation loss of the block-error model)
protocol.rrc_detail	3gpp
traffic.services	5 entries	TS 23.501 Table 5.7.4-1 (5QI); thresholds are assumptions
traffic.se_max	7.4	assumption (spectral-efficiency cap)
traffic.hotspot_share	0.25	assumption
traffic.hotspot_load	[0.55, 0.85]	assumption
traffic.normal_load	[0.05, 0.25]	assumption
traffic.load_tau_s	0.2	assumption
traffic.rate_scale	1	assumption
traffic.label_load	1	assumption (all cells transmit for the label)
traffic.model	fixed	fixed: constant service rates (the model of 1.0)
traffic.period_s	0.02	periodic model: 20 ms, as VoIP
traffic.packet_bytes	100	periodic model: assumption
traffic.ftp_file_bytes	500000	FTP model 3 (TR 36.872 Annex A.1) with 0.5 Mbyte files (TR 38.802 Table A.2.1-1; TR 38.821 Table 6.1.1.1-7)
traffic.ftp_rate_hz	0.1	ftp3 model: assumption (file arrival rate per user)
mobility.users	251	TR 37.885 clause 6.1.2: gap max(2 m, exponential with mean speed x 2 s) behind a 5 m vehicle, about 82.8 m per vehicle at 140 km/h, so 3464 m / 82.8 m x 6 lanes = 251
mobility.profile	v140c	TR 37.885 clause 6.1.2, highway option A (all vehicles type 2, 140 km/h baseline), on the lane centre (since 2.1.0; until 2.0.0 profile v140 with a lateral offset of up to 0.5 m, which TR 37.885 does not specify)
mobility.groups	none	profile
run.duration_s	120	numerical setting
run.warmup_s	20	numerical setting
run.backend	numpy
ntn.altitude_km	600
ntn.aperture_m	2
ntn.eirp_dbw_per_mhz	34
ntn.n_beams	19
ntn.centre_elevation_deg	30
ntn.environment	rural
ntn.atm_zenith_db	0.045
ntn.scintillation_db	2.2
ntn.sf_corr_m	37
ntn.los_corr_m	60
ntn.hpbw_deg	none	unset: the tabled 3 dB beamwidth of TR 38.821 Tables 6.1.1.1-1/-2 (Table 6.1.1.1-4: only the 3 dB beamwidth is used)
ntn.los_model	probability	probability: the LOS probability of TR 38.811 Table 6.6.1-1

Not read by this layout and radio model, so not listed: layout.blocks, layout.pitch_m, layout.street_width_m, radio.clutter_los, radio.los_corr_m, radio.shadow_nlos_db.

Known limitations¶

• Vehicles are placed independently and uniformly along their lane (a Poisson process), without the minimum gap of 2 m; their number is fixed at the mean, not drawn.
• One antenna gain per link (the antenna abstraction), no sectors and no beam pattern: TR 37.885 leaves the TXRU mapping to the proponents.
• The place-tied shadowing field is the same for all users at a place (TR 38.901 spatial consistency, exponential autocorrelation of Eq. 7.4-5) and uncorrelated between sites: TR 37.885 clause 6.2.2 takes the shadowing of the TR 38.901 path-loss model for B2V links, and TR 38.901 clause 7.5 step 4 has uncorrelated LSPs for different BS-UT links (since 2.1.0; until 2.0.0 half correlated, a value of the TR 36.885 model).
• Received-power level only: no fast fading, no Doppler, no sidelink.
• The failure model is not calibrated in absolute terms; read failure rates relative to each other.

Reference results¶

• Values checked against the texts of TR 37.885 V15.3.0, TR 36.885 V14.0.0 and TR 38.901 V19.5.0 (unchanged from V17.0.0); geometry, wrap-around and the coupling loss of the link are checked by handoverlab verify (group highway).