Scenario card: highway-tr37885-30ghz

The TR 37.885 highway above 6 GHz (hexagonal layout, 30 GHz, SSB beams)
Available since version 1.11.0. Use it as scenario: highway-tr37885-30ghz in a configuration file or hl.builtin_scenario("highway-tr37885-30ghz") in Python.

Purpose

The highway case of the 3GPP NR V2X evaluation (TR 37.885) as specified above 6 GHz, for the base-station-to-vehicle link: a road of 3 + 3 lanes through a hexagonal layout of 19 macro sites with 3 sectors each and an inter-site distance of 500 m, with wrap-around (TR 36.885 clause A.1.3, option 2, which TR 37.885 uses above 6 GHz), the UMa LOS path loss at 30 GHz, SSB beams of the 4 x 8 panel and every vehicle at 140 km/h. Use it for millimetre-wave handover and beam management at high speed under the 3GPP highway assumptions.

Layout

Layout of highway-tr37885-30ghz

The 19 sites of two rings around a centre site, turned so that the road (24 m wide) runs along x through the centre site in the direction of the cluster translation (23.4 degrees in the frame of the hexagonal grid), as in TR 36.885 Figure A.1.3-3. The road is sqrt(19) x 500 m = 2179 m long and wraps around; distances are taken to the nearest of the seven images of every site.

Parameters

Values in bold differ from the HandoverLab defaults.

Key Value Source
layout.kind highway TR 37.885 Annex A, Table A-1 (highway: 3 lanes in each direction, 4 m lane width, length >= 2000 m, wrap-around)
layout.site_spacing_m 500 TR 37.885 Table 6.1.3-2 (above 6 GHz, inter macro: 500 m)
layout.sites none regular placement along the streets
layout.lanes 3 TR 37.885 Table A-1 (highway: 3 lanes per direction)
layout.lane_width_m 4 TR 37.885 Table A-1 (highway: 4 m lanes)
layout.road_length_m 2179.45 the length of the 19-site cluster translation, sqrt(19) x 500 m, after which the road of TR 36.885 Figure A.1.3-3 repeats
layout.sites_file none none (sites from the layout)
layout.wrap true TR 37.885 Table A-1 (wrap around should be applied)
layout.highway_sites hex19 TR 37.885 Table 6.1.3-2 (above 6 GHz: BS placement as in Figure A.1.3-3 of TR 36.885) and TR 36.885 clause A.1.3, option 2 (wrap around of 19 x 3 hexagonal cells with 500 m ISD)
radio.carrier_ghz 30 TR 37.885 Table 6.1.1-2 (highway, macro to/from vehicle: 30 GHz)
radio.bandwidth_mhz 200 TR 37.885 Table 6.1.1-2 (simulation bandwidth 200 MHz, DL+UL)
radio.tx_power_dbm 43 TR 37.885 Table 6.1.1-2 (macro BS: 43 dBm; EIRP at most 78 dBm; the system bandwidth is taken equal to the simulation bandwidth, so the PA power is not scaled down)
radio.ue_gain_db 11 assumption: vehicle type 2, option 1, one rooftop panel of (1, 4, 2, 1, 4) of TR 37.885 Table 6.1.4-9 with 5 dBi elements (Table 6.1.4-8): 5 + 10 log10(4) dB
radio.noise_figure_db 13 TR 37.885 Table 6.1.1-2 (UE receiver noise figure 13 dB baseline)
radio.bs_height_m 25 TR 37.885 Table 6.1.4-1 (highway: 25 m for ISD 500 m)
radio.ue_height_m 1.6 TR 37.885 clause 6.1.2 (vehicle type 2: antenna height 1.6 m)
radio.pathloss uma TR 37.885 Table 6.2.1-2 (highway, above 6 GHz, V2B/B2V: TR 38.901 UMa LOS); oxygen absorption, TR 38.901 Table 7.6.1-1, is 0 dB/km up to 52 GHz
radio.shadow_los_db 4 TR 37.885 clause 6.2.2 and TR 38.901 Table 7.4.1-1 (UMa LOS: 4 dB)
radio.shadow_decorr_m 37 TR 38.901 Table 7.5-6 Part-1 (UMa LOS: 37 m)
radio.shadow_site_corr none unset: uncorrelated between sites, TR 38.901 clause 7.5 step 4 (radio.channel_detail simple: 0.5)
radio.place_share 1 assumption (blockage tied to place)
radio.los_model los TR 37.885 clause 6.2.1 (LOS propagation type is used for V2B and B2R links in the highway scenario)
radio.breakpoint_c_mps 3e+08 TR 38.901 Table 7.4.1-1 notes 1 and 5 (c = 3.0e8 m/s in the breakpoint distances)
radio.pl_min_distance_m 10 TR 38.901 Table 7.4.1-1 (applicability range of RMa, UMa, UMi: 10 m <= d2D)
radio.time_var_db 0 set to 0: TR 37.885 has no blockage of the B2V link in the highway (LOS only)
radio.time_var_tau_s 1 assumption
radio.l1_error_db 1 assumption (error of one L1 RSRP sample)
radio.penetration_db 0 off by default; TR 38.901 clause 7.4.3.2: 9 dB in a standard car
radio.penetration_sd_db 0 off by default; TR 38.901 clause 7.4.3.2: 5 dB in a standard car
radio.energy_p0_w 56 EARTH model, micro base station (Auer et al. 2011, Table 2): 56 W
radio.energy_slope 2.6 EARTH model, micro base station (Auer et al. 2011, Table 2): 2.6
radio.energy_ntrx 2 EARTH model, micro base station (Auer et al. 2011, Eq. 1 and Table 2): 2 transceivers
radio.fast_fading none off by default; TR 38.901 clause 7.7.2 (TDL-A .. TDL-E)
radio.delay_spread_ns 100 TR 38.901 Table 7.7.3-1 (nominal delay spread; used with fast_fading)
radio.fading_k_db none TR 38.901 clause 7.7.6 (unset: the K-factor of the table)
radio.map_res_m 2 numerical setting
radio.beams.sectors 3 TR 36.885 clause A.1.3, option 2 (19 x 3 hexagonal cells)
radio.beams.sector_az0_deg 6.587 TR 38.901 Table 7.8-1 (3 sectors per cell site: 30, 150 and 270 degrees), turned by -23.413 degrees with the layout
radio.beams.n_ssb 8 assumption (8 SSB beams per sector; TS 38.213 clause 4.1, Case D at 120 kHz, has 64 candidate SS/PBCH blocks in FR2)
radio.beams.panel [4, 8] TR 37.885 Table 6.1.4-3 (30 GHz: (M, N, P, Mg, Ng) = (4, 8, 2, 2, 2)); one panel of one polarisation per sector is modelled
radio.beams.tilt_deg 102 TR 37.885 Table 6.1.4-3 (antenna tilt 102 degrees for 500 m ISD)
radio.beams.beam_span_deg none default of the beam model (user guide)
radio.beams.ssb_avg none default of the beam model (user guide)
radio.beams.ssb_thresh_dbm none default of the beam model (user guide)
radio.beams.report_s 0.04 default of the beam model (user guide)
radio.beams.switch_db 2 default of the beam model (user guide)
radio.beams.tci_delay_s 0.01 default of the beam model (user guide)
radio.beams.rx_sweep_n none default of the beam model (user guide)
radio.beams.bfd true default of the beam model (user guide)
radio.beams.bfi_max 3 default of the beam model (user guide)
radio.beams.bfd_timer 4 default of the beam model (user guide)
radio.beams.bfr_timer_s 0.1 default of the beam model (user guide)
radio.beams.rsrp_thresh_ssb_dbm -115 default of the beam model (user guide)
radio.beams.ra_attempt_s 0.01 default of the beam model (user guide)
radio.beams.preamble_max 10 default of the beam model (user guide)
radio.beams.rlm_rs tci default of the beam model (user guide)
protocol.step_s 0.01 numerical setting
protocol.l1_period_s 0.04 assumption (L1 sample period)
protocol.l3_k 4 TS 38.331 clause 5.5.3.2
protocol.label_period_s 0.2 numerical setting
protocol.report_interval_s 0.12 TS 38.331 reportInterval (ms120)
protocol.qout_db -8 TR 36.839 (Qout -8 dB)
protocol.qin_db -6 TR 36.839 (Qin -6 dB)
protocol.qout_window_s 0.2 TS 38.133 (evaluation period, 200 ms)
protocol.qin_window_s 0.1 TS 38.133 (evaluation period, 100 ms)
protocol.n310 1 TR 36.839
protocol.n311 1 TR 36.839
protocol.t310_s 1 TR 36.839 (1 s)
protocol.prep_s 0.05 TR 36.839 (50 ms)
protocol.exec_s 0.04 TR 36.839 (40 ms)
protocol.reest_s 1 assumption (1 s outage); TS 38.133 6.2.1.2.1 bounds the delay by 50 ms + cell identification (FR1: 200 ms known, 800 ms unknown cell, Table 6.2.1.2.1-1) + system information + PRACH; TR 36.842 Table E.1-2 uses 250 ms
protocol.cho_recovery_s 0.4 TS 38.300 clauses 9.2.3.1 and 9.2.7 (recovery into a CHO candidate; assumption 0.4 s)
protocol.pingpong_s 1 TR 36.839 (minimum time of stay, 1 s)
protocol.cfg_loss_as_failure false check mode only
protocol.lm_load none off by default: link monitoring sees the load of the data channel (calibration option)
protocol.lm_load_per_ue 0 off by default (calibration option)
protocol.exec_can_fail true TR 36.839: the execution fails when the target is below Qout
protocol.rlm_holdoff_s 0.2 0.2 s since 2.0.0: an interpretation of TS 38.133 8.1.2.2 (evaluation over the last T_Evaluate_out, 200 ms in FR1) on a newly joined cell
protocol.scheduler none off by default (rate model); rr / pf slot scheduler with TS 38.214 MCS and TBS
protocol.harq_max_tx 4 assumption (transmissions per TB; the network's choice)
protocol.harq_rtt_slots 8 assumption (HARQ round trip in slots)
protocol.l2s_loss_db 1 assumption (implementation loss of the block-error model)
protocol.rrc_detail 3gpp
traffic.services 5 entries TS 23.501 Table 5.7.4-1 (5QI); thresholds are assumptions
traffic.se_max 7.4 assumption (spectral-efficiency cap)
traffic.hotspot_share 0.25 assumption
traffic.hotspot_load [0.55, 0.85] assumption
traffic.normal_load [0.05, 0.25] assumption
traffic.load_tau_s 0.2 assumption
traffic.rate_scale 1 assumption
traffic.label_load 1 assumption (all cells transmit for the label)
traffic.model fixed fixed: constant service rates (the model of 1.0)
traffic.period_s 0.02 periodic model: 20 ms, as VoIP
traffic.packet_bytes 100 periodic model: assumption
traffic.ftp_file_bytes 500000 FTP model 3 (TR 36.872 Annex A.1) with 0.5 Mbyte files (TR 38.802 Table A.2.1-1; TR 38.821 Table 6.1.1.1-7)
traffic.ftp_rate_hz 0.1 ftp3 model: assumption (file arrival rate per user)
mobility.users 158 TR 37.885 clause 6.1.2: about 82.8 m per vehicle at 140 km/h (gap with mean speed x 2 s behind a 5 m vehicle), so 2179 m / 82.8 m x 6 lanes = 158
mobility.profile v140c TR 37.885 clause 6.1.2, highway option A (all vehicles type 2, 140 km/h baseline), on the lane centre (since 2.1.0; until 2.0.0 profile v140 with a lateral offset of up to 0.5 m, which TR 37.885 does not specify)
mobility.groups none profile
run.duration_s 60 numerical setting
run.warmup_s 10 numerical setting
run.backend numpy
ntn.altitude_km 600
ntn.aperture_m 2
ntn.eirp_dbw_per_mhz 34
ntn.n_beams 19
ntn.centre_elevation_deg 30
ntn.environment rural
ntn.atm_zenith_db 0.045
ntn.scintillation_db 2.2
ntn.sf_corr_m 37
ntn.los_corr_m 60
ntn.hpbw_deg none unset: the tabled 3 dB beamwidth of TR 38.821 Tables 6.1.1.1-1/-2 (Table 6.1.1.1-4: only the 3 dB beamwidth is used)
ntn.los_model probability probability: the LOS probability of TR 38.811 Table 6.6.1-1

Not read by this layout and radio model, so not listed: layout.blocks, layout.pitch_m, layout.site_offset_m, layout.street_width_m, radio.bs_gain_db, radio.clutter_los, radio.isolation, radio.los_corr_m, radio.shadow_nlos_db.

Known limitations

  • One panel of one polarisation per sector with DFT beams (the beam model of handoverlab 1.10.0), not the 2 x 2 panels with two polarisations of TR 37.885 Table 6.1.4-3.
  • Vehicles are placed independently and uniformly along their lane (a Poisson process), without the minimum gap of 2 m; their number is fixed at the mean, not drawn.
  • The place-tied shadowing field is periodic along the road only (vehicles stay on the road); it is uncorrelated between sites: TR 37.885 clause 6.2.2 takes the shadowing of the TR 38.901 path-loss model for B2V links, and TR 38.901 clause 7.5 step 4 has uncorrelated LSPs for different BS-UT links (since 2.1.0; until 2.0.0 half correlated, a value of the TR 36.885 model).
  • The road passes under the centre site (TR 36.885 Figure A.1.3-3): within 10 m of it the UMa LOS formula, specified for 10 m <= d2D (TR 38.901 Table 7.4.1-1), is evaluated at d2D = 10 m (radio.pl_min_distance_m, since 2.0.0).
  • TR 37.885 clause 6.2.1 sets the effective environment height hE to 0.25 m for these links; the simulator's UMa uses hE = 1 m. Only the breakpoint distance depends on it (5.8 km instead of 13.4 km), and both lie beyond every distance on this road, so the path loss is the same.
  • Received-power level only: no fast fading, no Doppler, no sidelink.
  • The failure model is not calibrated in absolute terms; read failure rates relative to each other.

Reference results

  • Values checked against the texts of TR 37.885 V15.3.0, TR 36.885 V14.0.0 and TR 38.901 V19.5.0 (unchanged from V17.0.0); geometry, wrap-around and the coupling loss of the link are checked by handoverlab verify (group highway).